Click for best price
Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, Share 2024
The global Temporary Staff Management Software market was valued at US$ million in 2023 and is projected to reach US$ million by 2030, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period. The influence of COVID-19 and the Russia-Ukraine War were considered while estimating market sizes.
The U.S. Market is Estimated at $ Million in 2023, While China is to reach $ Million.
Cloud Based Segment to Reach $ Million by 2030, with a % CAGR in next six years.
The global key manufacturers of Temporary Staff Management Software include Bullhorn (Erecruit), PRIM Logix, AkkenCloud, Flo Backoffice Solutions, PARiM Workforce, Senegal, TempWorks, Logezy and ozola, etc. in 2023, the global top five players have a share approximately % in terms of revenue.
This report aims to provide a comprehensive presentation of the global market for Temporary Staff Management Software, with both quantitative and qualitative analysis, to help readers develop business/growth strategies, assess the market competitive situation, analyze their position in the current marketplace, and make informed business decisions regarding Temporary Staff Management Software. This report contains market size and forecasts of Temporary Staff Management Software in global, including the following market information:
Global Temporary Staff Management Software Market Revenue, 2019-2024, 2025-2030, ($ millions)
Global top five companies in 2023 (%)
We surveyed the Temporary Staff Management Software companies, and industry experts on this industry, involving the revenue, demand, product type, recent developments and plans, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.
Total Market by Segment:
Global Temporary Staff Management Software Market, by Type, 2019-2024, 2025-2030 ($ millions)
Global Temporary Staff Management Software Market Segment Percentages, by Type, 2023 (%)
Cloud Based
On-premises
Global Temporary Staff Management Software Market, by Application, 2019-2024, 2025-2030 ($ millions)
Global Temporary Staff Management Software Market Segment Percentages, by Application, 2023 (%)
Large Enterprises
SMEs
Global Temporary Staff Management Software Market, By Region and Country, 2019-2024, 2025-2030 ($ Millions)
Global Temporary Staff Management Software Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2023 (%)
North America
US
Canada
Mexico
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Nordic Countries
Benelux
Rest of Europe
Asia
China
Japan
South Korea
Southeast Asia
India
Rest of Asia
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Rest of South America
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Israel
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Rest of Middle East & Africa
Competitor Analysis
The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:
Key companies Temporary Staff Management Software revenues in global market, 2019-2024 (estimated), ($ millions)
Key companies Temporary Staff Management Software revenues share in global market, 2023 (%)
Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:
Bullhorn (Erecruit)
PRIM Logix
AkkenCloud
Flo Backoffice Solutions
PARiM Workforce
Senegal
TempWorks
Logezy
ozola
Zoho
Shiftboard
Outline of Major Chapters:
Chapter 1: Introduces the definition of Temporary Staff Management Software, market overview.
Chapter 2: Global Temporary Staff Management Software market size in revenue.
Chapter 3: Detailed analysis of Temporary Staff Management Software company competitive landscape, revenue and market share, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter 4: Provides the analysis of various market segments by type, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.
Chapter 5: Provides the analysis of various market segments by application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.
Chapter 6: Sales of Temporary Staff Management Software in regional level and country level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space of each country in the world.
Chapter 7: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product sales, revenue, price, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.
Chapter 8: The main points and conclusions of the report.
| Report Attributes |
Report Details |
| Report Title |
Temporary Staff Management Software Market, Global Outlook and Forecast 2024-2030 |
| Historical Year |
2018 to 2022 (Data from 2010 can be provided as per availability) |
| Base Year |
2023 |
| Forecast Year |
2031 |
| Number of Pages |
66 Pages |
| Customization Available |
Yes, the report can be customized as per your need. |
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Temporary Staff Management Software Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Temporary Staff Management Software Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Temporary Staff Management Software Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size: 2023 VS 2030
2.2 Global Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, Prospects & Forecasts: 2019-2030
2.3 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
2.3.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
2.3.2 Market Drivers
2.3.3 Market Restraints
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Temporary Staff Management Software Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Temporary Staff Management Software Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue by Companies
3.4 Top 3 and Top 5 Temporary Staff Management Software Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2023
3.5 Global Companies Temporary Staff Management Software Product Type
3.6 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Temporary Staff Management Software Players in Global Market
3.6.1 List of Global Tier 1 Temporary Staff Management Software Companies
3.6.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Temporary Staff Management Software Companies
4 Market Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size Markets, 2023 & 2030
4.1.2 Cloud Based
4.1.3 On-premises
4.2 By Type - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, 2019-2024
4.2.2 By Type - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, 2025-2030
4.2.3 By Type - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
5 Sights by Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2023 & 2030
5.1.2 Large Enterprises
5.1.3 SMEs
5.2 By Application - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, 2019-2024
5.2.2 By Application - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, 2025-2030
5.2.3 By Application - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2023 & 2030
6.2 By Region - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, 2019-2024
6.2.2 By Region - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, 2025-2030
6.2.3 By Region - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
6.3 North America
6.3.1 By Country - North America Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, 2019-2030
6.3.2 US Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2019-2030
6.3.3 Canada Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2019-2030
6.3.4 Mexico Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2019-2030
6.4 Europe
6.4.1 By Country - Europe Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, 2019-2030
6.4.2 Germany Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2019-2030
6.4.3 France Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2019-2030
6.4.4 U.K. Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2019-2030
6.4.5 Italy Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2019-2030
6.4.6 Russia Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2019-2030
6.4.7 Nordic Countries Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2019-2030
6.4.8 Benelux Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2019-2030
6.5 Asia
6.5.1 By Region - Asia Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, 2019-2030
6.5.2 China Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2019-2030
6.5.3 Japan Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2019-2030
6.5.4 South Korea Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2019-2030
6.5.5 Southeast Asia Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2019-2030
6.5.6 India Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2019-2030
6.6 South America
6.6.1 By Country - South America Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, 2019-2030
6.6.2 Brazil Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2019-2030
6.6.3 Argentina Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2019-2030
6.7 Middle East & Africa
6.7.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, 2019-2030
6.7.2 Turkey Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2019-2030
6.7.3 Israel Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2019-2030
6.7.4 Saudi Arabia Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2019-2030
6.7.5 UAE Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size, 2019-2030
7 Temporary Staff Management Software Companies Profiles
7.1 Bullhorn (Erecruit)
7.1.1 Bullhorn (Erecruit) Company Summary
7.1.2 Bullhorn (Erecruit) Business Overview
7.1.3 Bullhorn (Erecruit) Temporary Staff Management Software Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 Bullhorn (Erecruit) Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.1.5 Bullhorn (Erecruit) Key News & Latest Developments
7.2 PRIM Logix
7.2.1 PRIM Logix Company Summary
7.2.2 PRIM Logix Business Overview
7.2.3 PRIM Logix Temporary Staff Management Software Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 PRIM Logix Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.2.5 PRIM Logix Key News & Latest Developments
7.3 AkkenCloud
7.3.1 AkkenCloud Company Summary
7.3.2 AkkenCloud Business Overview
7.3.3 AkkenCloud Temporary Staff Management Software Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 AkkenCloud Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.3.5 AkkenCloud Key News & Latest Developments
7.4 Flo Backoffice Solutions
7.4.1 Flo Backoffice Solutions Company Summary
7.4.2 Flo Backoffice Solutions Business Overview
7.4.3 Flo Backoffice Solutions Temporary Staff Management Software Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Flo Backoffice Solutions Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.4.5 Flo Backoffice Solutions Key News & Latest Developments
7.5 PARiM Workforce
7.5.1 PARiM Workforce Company Summary
7.5.2 PARiM Workforce Business Overview
7.5.3 PARiM Workforce Temporary Staff Management Software Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 PARiM Workforce Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.5.5 PARiM Workforce Key News & Latest Developments
7.6 Senegal
7.6.1 Senegal Company Summary
7.6.2 Senegal Business Overview
7.6.3 Senegal Temporary Staff Management Software Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Senegal Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.6.5 Senegal Key News & Latest Developments
7.7 TempWorks
7.7.1 TempWorks Company Summary
7.7.2 TempWorks Business Overview
7.7.3 TempWorks Temporary Staff Management Software Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 TempWorks Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.7.5 TempWorks Key News & Latest Developments
7.8 Logezy
7.8.1 Logezy Company Summary
7.8.2 Logezy Business Overview
7.8.3 Logezy Temporary Staff Management Software Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 Logezy Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.8.5 Logezy Key News & Latest Developments
7.9 ozola
7.9.1 ozola Company Summary
7.9.2 ozola Business Overview
7.9.3 ozola Temporary Staff Management Software Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 ozola Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.9.5 ozola Key News & Latest Developments
7.10 Zoho
7.10.1 Zoho Company Summary
7.10.2 Zoho Business Overview
7.10.3 Zoho Temporary Staff Management Software Major Product Offerings
7.10.4 Zoho Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.10.5 Zoho Key News & Latest Developments
7.11 Shiftboard
7.11.1 Shiftboard Company Summary
7.11.2 Shiftboard Business Overview
7.11.3 Shiftboard Temporary Staff Management Software Major Product Offerings
7.11.4 Shiftboard Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue in Global Market (2019-2024)
7.11.5 Shiftboard Key News & Latest Developments
8 Conclusion
9 Appendix
9.1 Note
9.2 Examples of Clients
9.3 Disclaimer
LIST OF TABLES & FIGURES
List of Tables
Table 1. Temporary Staff Management Software Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 2. Temporary Staff Management Software Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 3. Temporary Staff Management Software Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 4. Key Players of Temporary Staff Management Software in Global Market
Table 5. Top Temporary Staff Management Software Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2023)
Table 6. Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 7. Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Share by Companies, 2019-2024
Table 8. Global Companies Temporary Staff Management Software Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Temporary Staff Management Software Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2023 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Temporary Staff Management Software Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2023 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023 & 2030
Table 12. By Type - Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 13. By Type - Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 14. By Application ? Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023 & 2030
Table 15. By Application - Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 16. By Application - Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue in Global (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 17. By Region ? Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023 & 2030
Table 18. By Region - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 19. By Region - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 20. By Country - North America Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 21. By Country - North America Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 22. By Country - Europe Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 23. By Country - Europe Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 24. By Region - Asia Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 25. By Region - Asia Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 26. By Country - South America Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 27. By Country - South America Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 28. By Country - Middle East & Africa Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2024
Table 29. By Country - Middle East & Africa Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2025-2030
Table 30. Bullhorn (Erecruit) Company Summary
Table 31. Bullhorn (Erecruit) Temporary Staff Management Software Product Offerings
Table 32. Bullhorn (Erecruit) Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 33. Bullhorn (Erecruit) Key News & Latest Developments
Table 34. PRIM Logix Company Summary
Table 35. PRIM Logix Temporary Staff Management Software Product Offerings
Table 36. PRIM Logix Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 37. PRIM Logix Key News & Latest Developments
Table 38. AkkenCloud Company Summary
Table 39. AkkenCloud Temporary Staff Management Software Product Offerings
Table 40. AkkenCloud Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 41. AkkenCloud Key News & Latest Developments
Table 42. Flo Backoffice Solutions Company Summary
Table 43. Flo Backoffice Solutions Temporary Staff Management Software Product Offerings
Table 44. Flo Backoffice Solutions Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 45. Flo Backoffice Solutions Key News & Latest Developments
Table 46. PARiM Workforce Company Summary
Table 47. PARiM Workforce Temporary Staff Management Software Product Offerings
Table 48. PARiM Workforce Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 49. PARiM Workforce Key News & Latest Developments
Table 50. Senegal Company Summary
Table 51. Senegal Temporary Staff Management Software Product Offerings
Table 52. Senegal Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 53. Senegal Key News & Latest Developments
Table 54. TempWorks Company Summary
Table 55. TempWorks Temporary Staff Management Software Product Offerings
Table 56. TempWorks Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 57. TempWorks Key News & Latest Developments
Table 58. Logezy Company Summary
Table 59. Logezy Temporary Staff Management Software Product Offerings
Table 60. Logezy Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 61. Logezy Key News & Latest Developments
Table 62. ozola Company Summary
Table 63. ozola Temporary Staff Management Software Product Offerings
Table 64. ozola Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 65. ozola Key News & Latest Developments
Table 66. Zoho Company Summary
Table 67. Zoho Temporary Staff Management Software Product Offerings
Table 68. Zoho Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 69. Zoho Key News & Latest Developments
Table 70. Shiftboard Company Summary
Table 71. Shiftboard Temporary Staff Management Software Product Offerings
Table 72. Shiftboard Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Table 73. Shiftboard Key News & Latest Developments
List of Figures
Figure 1. Temporary Staff Management Software Segment by Type in 2023
Figure 2. Temporary Staff Management Software Segment by Application in 2023
Figure 3. Global Temporary Staff Management Software Market Overview: 2023
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Temporary Staff Management Software Market Size: 2023 VS 2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, 2019-2030 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue in 2023
Figure 8. By Type - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 9. By Application - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 10. By Type - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023 & 2030
Figure 11. By Type - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 12. By Application - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023 & 2030
Figure 13. By Application - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 14. By Region - Global Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 15. By Country - North America Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 16. US Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 17. Canada Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 18. Mexico Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 19. By Country - Europe Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 20. Germany Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 21. France Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 22. U.K. Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 23. Italy Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 24. Russia Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 25. Nordic Countries Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 26. Benelux Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 27. By Region - Asia Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 28. China Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 29. Japan Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 30. South Korea Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 31. Southeast Asia Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 32. India Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 33. By Country - South America Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 34. Brazil Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 35. Argentina Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 36. By Country - Middle East & Africa Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Market Share, 2019-2030
Figure 37. Turkey Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 38. Israel Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 39. Saudi Arabia Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 40. UAE Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2019-2030
Figure 41. Bullhorn (Erecruit) Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 42. PRIM Logix Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 43. AkkenCloud Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 44. Flo Backoffice Solutions Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 45. PARiM Workforce Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 46. Senegal Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 47. TempWorks Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 48. Logezy Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 49. ozola Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 50. Zoho Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
Figure 51. Shiftboard Temporary Staff Management Software Revenue Year Over Year Growth (US$, Mn) & (2019-2024)
