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Automotive Radars Market Size, Share 2022
This report contains market size and forecasts of Automotive Radars in global, including the following market information:
Global Automotive Radars Market Revenue, 2017-2022, 2023-2028, ($ millions)
Global Automotive Radars Market Sales, 2017-2022, 2023-2028, (K Units)
Global top five Automotive Radars companies in 2021 (%)
The global Automotive Radars market was valued at million in 2021 and is projected to reach US$ million by 2028, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period.
The U.S. Market is Estimated at $ Million in 2021, While China is Forecast to Reach $ Million by 2028.
24GHz Automotive Radar Segment to Reach $ Million by 2028, with a % CAGR in next six years.
The global key manufacturers of Automotive Radars include Bosch, Denso, Fujitsu, Continental, Autoliv, Delphi, TRW(ZF), Valeo and Hella and etc. In 2021, the global top five players have a share approximately % in terms of revenue.
We surveyed the Automotive Radars manufacturers, suppliers, distributors and industry experts on this industry, involving the sales, revenue, demand, price change, product type, recent development and plan, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.
Total Market by Segment:
Global Automotive Radars Market, by Type, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (K Units)
Global Automotive Radars Market Segment Percentages, by Type, 2021 (%)
24GHz Automotive Radar
77GHz Automotive Radar
Global Automotive Radars Market, by Application, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (K Units)
Global Automotive Radars Market Segment Percentages, by Application, 2021 (%)
Passenger Vehicles
Commercial Vehicles
Military Vehicles
Global Automotive Radars Market, By Region and Country, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (K Units)
Global Automotive Radars Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2021 (%)
North America
US
Canada
Mexico
Europe
Germany
France
U.K.
Italy
Russia
Nordic Countries
Benelux
Rest of Europe
Asia
China
Japan
South Korea
Southeast Asia
India
Rest of Asia
South America
Brazil
Argentina
Rest of South America
Middle East & Africa
Turkey
Israel
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Rest of Middle East & Africa
Competitor Analysis
The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:
Key companies Automotive Radars revenues in global market, 2017-2022 (Estimated), ($ millions)
Key companies Automotive Radars revenues share in global market, 2021 (%)
Key companies Automotive Radars sales in global market, 2017-2022 (Estimated), (K Units)
Key companies Automotive Radars sales share in global market, 2021 (%)
Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:
Bosch
Denso
Fujitsu
Continental
Autoliv
Delphi
TRW(ZF)
Valeo
Hella
Smartmicro
| Report Attributes |
Report Details |
| Report Title |
Automotive Radars Market, Global Outlook and Forecast 2022-2028 |
| Historical Year |
2018 to 2022 (Data from 2010 can be provided as per availability) |
| Base Year |
2021 |
| Forecast Year |
2029 |
| Number of Pages |
79 Pages |
| Customization Available |
Yes, the report can be customized as per your need. |
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Introduction to Research & Analysis Reports
1.1 Automotive Radars Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
1.2.1 Market by Type
1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Automotive Radars Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
1.5.1 Research Methodology
1.5.2 Research Process
1.5.3 Base Year
1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats
2 Global Automotive Radars Overall Market Size
2.1 Global Automotive Radars Market Size: 2021 VS 2028
2.2 Global Automotive Radars Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2017-2028
2.3 Global Automotive Radars Sales: 2017-2028
3 Company Landscape
3.1 Top Automotive Radars Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Automotive Radars Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Automotive Radars Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Automotive Radars Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Automotive Radars Price by Manufacturer (2017-2022)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Automotive Radars Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2021
3.7 Global Manufacturers Automotive Radars Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Automotive Radars Players in Global Market
3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Automotive Radars Companies
3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Automotive Radars Companies
4 Sights by Product
4.1 Overview
4.1.1 By Type - Global Automotive Radars Market Size Markets, 2021 & 2028
4.1.2 24GHz Automotive Radar
4.1.3 77GHz Automotive Radar
4.2 By Type - Global Automotive Radars Revenue & Forecasts
4.2.1 By Type - Global Automotive Radars Revenue, 2017-2022
4.2.2 By Type - Global Automotive Radars Revenue, 2023-2028
4.2.3 By Type - Global Automotive Radars Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
4.3 By Type - Global Automotive Radars Sales & Forecasts
4.3.1 By Type - Global Automotive Radars Sales, 2017-2022
4.3.2 By Type - Global Automotive Radars Sales, 2023-2028
4.3.3 By Type - Global Automotive Radars Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
4.4 By Type - Global Automotive Radars Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028
5 Sights By Application
5.1 Overview
5.1.1 By Application - Global Automotive Radars Market Size, 2021 & 2028
5.1.2 Passenger Vehicles
5.1.3 Commercial Vehicles
5.1.4 Military Vehicles
5.2 By Application - Global Automotive Radars Revenue & Forecasts
5.2.1 By Application - Global Automotive Radars Revenue, 2017-2022
5.2.2 By Application - Global Automotive Radars Revenue, 2023-2028
5.2.3 By Application - Global Automotive Radars Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
5.3 By Application - Global Automotive Radars Sales & Forecasts
5.3.1 By Application - Global Automotive Radars Sales, 2017-2022
5.3.2 By Application - Global Automotive Radars Sales, 2023-2028
5.3.3 By Application - Global Automotive Radars Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
5.4 By Application - Global Automotive Radars Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028
6 Sights by Region
6.1 By Region - Global Automotive Radars Market Size, 2021 & 2028
6.2 By Region - Global Automotive Radars Revenue & Forecasts
6.2.1 By Region - Global Automotive Radars Revenue, 2017-2022
6.2.2 By Region - Global Automotive Radars Revenue, 2023-2028
6.2.3 By Region - Global Automotive Radars Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
6.3 By Region - Global Automotive Radars Sales & Forecasts
6.3.1 By Region - Global Automotive Radars Sales, 2017-2022
6.3.2 By Region - Global Automotive Radars Sales, 2023-2028
6.3.3 By Region - Global Automotive Radars Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
6.4 North America
6.4.1 By Country - North America Automotive Radars Revenue, 2017-2028
6.4.2 By Country - North America Automotive Radars Sales, 2017-2028
6.4.3 US Automotive Radars Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.4 Canada Automotive Radars Market Size, 2017-2028
6.4.5 Mexico Automotive Radars Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5 Europe
6.5.1 By Country - Europe Automotive Radars Revenue, 2017-2028
6.5.2 By Country - Europe Automotive Radars Sales, 2017-2028
6.5.3 Germany Automotive Radars Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.4 France Automotive Radars Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.5 U.K. Automotive Radars Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.6 Italy Automotive Radars Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.7 Russia Automotive Radars Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.8 Nordic Countries Automotive Radars Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5.9 Benelux Automotive Radars Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6 Asia
6.6.1 By Region - Asia Automotive Radars Revenue, 2017-2028
6.6.2 By Region - Asia Automotive Radars Sales, 2017-2028
6.6.3 China Automotive Radars Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.4 Japan Automotive Radars Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.5 South Korea Automotive Radars Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.6 Southeast Asia Automotive Radars Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6.7 India Automotive Radars Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7 South America
6.7.1 By Country - South America Automotive Radars Revenue, 2017-2028
6.7.2 By Country - South America Automotive Radars Sales, 2017-2028
6.7.3 Brazil Automotive Radars Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7.4 Argentina Automotive Radars Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8 Middle East & Africa
6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Automotive Radars Revenue, 2017-2028
6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa Automotive Radars Sales, 2017-2028
6.8.3 Turkey Automotive Radars Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.4 Israel Automotive Radars Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Automotive Radars Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8.6 UAE Automotive Radars Market Size, 2017-2028
7 Manufacturers & Brands Profiles
7.1 Bosch
7.1.1 Bosch Corporate Summary
7.1.2 Bosch Business Overview
7.1.3 Bosch Automotive Radars Major Product Offerings
7.1.4 Bosch Automotive Radars Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.1.5 Bosch Key News
7.2 Denso
7.2.1 Denso Corporate Summary
7.2.2 Denso Business Overview
7.2.3 Denso Automotive Radars Major Product Offerings
7.2.4 Denso Automotive Radars Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.2.5 Denso Key News
7.3 Fujitsu
7.3.1 Fujitsu Corporate Summary
7.3.2 Fujitsu Business Overview
7.3.3 Fujitsu Automotive Radars Major Product Offerings
7.3.4 Fujitsu Automotive Radars Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.3.5 Fujitsu Key News
7.4 Continental
7.4.1 Continental Corporate Summary
7.4.2 Continental Business Overview
7.4.3 Continental Automotive Radars Major Product Offerings
7.4.4 Continental Automotive Radars Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.4.5 Continental Key News
7.5 Autoliv
7.5.1 Autoliv Corporate Summary
7.5.2 Autoliv Business Overview
7.5.3 Autoliv Automotive Radars Major Product Offerings
7.5.4 Autoliv Automotive Radars Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.5.5 Autoliv Key News
7.6 Delphi
7.6.1 Delphi Corporate Summary
7.6.2 Delphi Business Overview
7.6.3 Delphi Automotive Radars Major Product Offerings
7.6.4 Delphi Automotive Radars Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.6.5 Delphi Key News
7.7 TRW(ZF)
7.7.1 TRW(ZF) Corporate Summary
7.7.2 TRW(ZF) Business Overview
7.7.3 TRW(ZF) Automotive Radars Major Product Offerings
7.7.4 TRW(ZF) Automotive Radars Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.7.5 TRW(ZF) Key News
7.8 Valeo
7.8.1 Valeo Corporate Summary
7.8.2 Valeo Business Overview
7.8.3 Valeo Automotive Radars Major Product Offerings
7.8.4 Valeo Automotive Radars Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.8.5 Valeo Key News
7.9 Hella
7.9.1 Hella Corporate Summary
7.9.2 Hella Business Overview
7.9.3 Hella Automotive Radars Major Product Offerings
7.9.4 Hella Automotive Radars Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.9.5 Hella Key News
7.10 Smartmicro
7.10.1 Smartmicro Corporate Summary
7.10.2 Smartmicro Business Overview
7.10.3 Smartmicro Automotive Radars Major Product Offerings
7.10.4 Smartmicro Automotive Radars Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
7.10.5 Smartmicro Key News
8 Global Automotive Radars Production Capacity, Analysis
8.1 Global Automotive Radars Production Capacity, 2017-2028
8.2 Automotive Radars Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Automotive Radars Production by Region
9 Key Market Trends, Opportunity, Drivers and Restraints
9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints
10 Automotive Radars Supply Chain Analysis
10.1 Automotive Radars Industry Value Chain
10.2 Automotive Radars Upstream Market
10.3 Automotive Radars Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
10.4.1 Marketing Channels
10.4.2 Automotive Radars Distributors and Sales Agents in Global
11 Conclusion
12 Appendix
12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer
LIST OF TABLES & FIGURES
List of Tables
Table 1. Key Players of Automotive Radars in Global Market
Table 2. Top Automotive Radars Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2021)
Table 3. Global Automotive Radars Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 4. Global Automotive Radars Revenue Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 5. Global Automotive Radars Sales by Companies, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 6. Global Automotive Radars Sales Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Automotive Radars Price (2017-2022) & (USD/Unit)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Automotive Radars Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Automotive Radars Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Automotive Radars Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type ? Global Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 12. By Type - Global Automotive Radars Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 13. By Type - Global Automotive Radars Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 14. By Type - Global Automotive Radars Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 15. By Type - Global Automotive Radars Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 16. By Application ? Global Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 17. By Application - Global Automotive Radars Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 18. By Application - Global Automotive Radars Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 19. By Application - Global Automotive Radars Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 20. By Application - Global Automotive Radars Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 21. By Region ? Global Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 VS 2028
Table 22. By Region - Global Automotive Radars Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 23. By Region - Global Automotive Radars Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 24. By Region - Global Automotive Radars Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 25. By Region - Global Automotive Radars Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 26. By Country - North America Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 27. By Country - North America Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 28. By Country - North America Automotive Radars Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 29. By Country - North America Automotive Radars Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 30. By Country - Europe Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 31. By Country - Europe Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 32. By Country - Europe Automotive Radars Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 33. By Country - Europe Automotive Radars Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 34. By Region - Asia Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 35. By Region - Asia Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 36. By Region - Asia Automotive Radars Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 37. By Region - Asia Automotive Radars Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 38. By Country - South America Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 39. By Country - South America Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 40. By Country - South America Automotive Radars Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 41. By Country - South America Automotive Radars Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Automotive Radars Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Automotive Radars Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 46. Bosch Corporate Summary
Table 47. Bosch Automotive Radars Product Offerings
Table 48. Bosch Automotive Radars Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 49. Denso Corporate Summary
Table 50. Denso Automotive Radars Product Offerings
Table 51. Denso Automotive Radars Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 52. Fujitsu Corporate Summary
Table 53. Fujitsu Automotive Radars Product Offerings
Table 54. Fujitsu Automotive Radars Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 55. Continental Corporate Summary
Table 56. Continental Automotive Radars Product Offerings
Table 57. Continental Automotive Radars Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 58. Autoliv Corporate Summary
Table 59. Autoliv Automotive Radars Product Offerings
Table 60. Autoliv Automotive Radars Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 61. Delphi Corporate Summary
Table 62. Delphi Automotive Radars Product Offerings
Table 63. Delphi Automotive Radars Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 64. TRW(ZF) Corporate Summary
Table 65. TRW(ZF) Automotive Radars Product Offerings
Table 66. TRW(ZF) Automotive Radars Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 67. Valeo Corporate Summary
Table 68. Valeo Automotive Radars Product Offerings
Table 69. Valeo Automotive Radars Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 70. Hella Corporate Summary
Table 71. Hella Automotive Radars Product Offerings
Table 72. Hella Automotive Radars Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 73. Smartmicro Corporate Summary
Table 74. Smartmicro Automotive Radars Product Offerings
Table 75. Smartmicro Automotive Radars Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 76. Automotive Radars Production Capacity (K Units) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2020-2022 (K Units)
Table 77. Global Automotive Radars Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2020-2022
Table 78. Global Automotive Radars Production by Region, 2017-2022 (K Units)
Table 79. Global Automotive Radars Production by Region, 2023-2028 (K Units)
Table 80. Automotive Radars Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 81. Automotive Radars Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 82. Automotive Radars Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 83. Automotive Radars Raw Materials
Table 84. Automotive Radars Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 85. Typical Automotive Radars Downstream
Table 86. Automotive Radars Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 87. Automotive Radars Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market
List of Figures
Figure 1. Automotive Radars Segment by Type
Figure 2. Automotive Radars Segment by Application
Figure 3. Global Automotive Radars Market Overview: 2021
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Automotive Radars Market Size: 2021 VS 2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Automotive Radars Revenue, 2017-2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Automotive Radars Sales in Global Market: 2017-2028 (K Units)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Automotive Radars Revenue in 2021
Figure 9. By Type - Global Automotive Radars Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 10. By Type - Global Automotive Radars Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 11. By Type - Global Automotive Radars Price (USD/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 12. By Application - Global Automotive Radars Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 13. By Application - Global Automotive Radars Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 14. By Application - Global Automotive Radars Price (USD/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 15. By Region - Global Automotive Radars Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 16. By Region - Global Automotive Radars Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 17. By Country - North America Automotive Radars Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 18. By Country - North America Automotive Radars Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 19. US Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 20. Canada Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 21. Mexico Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 22. By Country - Europe Automotive Radars Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 23. By Country - Europe Automotive Radars Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 24. Germany Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 25. France Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 26. U.K. Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 27. Italy Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 28. Russia Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 29. Nordic Countries Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 30. Benelux Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 31. By Region - Asia Automotive Radars Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 32. By Region - Asia Automotive Radars Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 33. China Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 34. Japan Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 35. South Korea Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 36. Southeast Asia Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 37. India Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 38. By Country - South America Automotive Radars Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 39. By Country - South America Automotive Radars Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 40. Brazil Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 41. Argentina Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Automotive Radars Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Automotive Radars Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 44. Turkey Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 45. Israel Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 46. Saudi Arabia Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 47. UAE Automotive Radars Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 48. Global Automotive Radars Production Capacity (K Units), 2017-2028
Figure 49. The Percentage of Production Automotive Radars by Region, 2021 VS 2028
Figure 50. Automotive Radars Industry Value Chain
Figure 51. Marketing Channels
